LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT Flight crew exposure to cosmic radiation Airline flight crews and certain frequent flyers are exposed to significant doses owing to the altitude and the intensity of cosmic radiation at high altitude. These doses can exceed 1 mSv/year. Since 1 July 2014, IRSN, and then ASNR, calculate the individual doses for civil flight personnel using the SievertPN application, on the basis of the flight and personnel presence data provided by the airlines. These data are subsequently transmitted to SISERI, the French national worker dosimetry registry. In 2024, the headcount for civil flight personnel totalled 23,124. The average annual dose is 1.16 mSv. About 40% of the individual annual doses are below 1 mSv and 60% of the individual annual doses are between 1 mSv and 5 mSv. 4.2 Doses received by the population 4.2.1 – Exposure of the population as a result of nuclear activities Public exposure linked to nuclear facilities is low compared with other sources of exposure (around 0.01 mSv). These exposures are detailed in point 5.1.2. 4.2.2 – Exposure of the population to Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Exposure due to natural radioactivity in drinking water The results of the monitoring of the radiological quality of the tap water distributed to consumers carried out by the Regional Health Agencies (ARS) between 2008 and 2009 (DGS/ASN/IRSN report published in 2011) showed that 99.83% of the population receives tap water whose quality complies at all times with the total indicative dose of 0.1 mSv/year set by the regulations. This generally satisfactory assessment also applies to the radiological quality of bottled water produced in France (DGS/ASN/IRSN report published in 2013). HIGHLIGHT No. 3 Assessment of dosimetric monitoring of workers’ exposure to ionising radiation (including exposure to natural radioactivity) in 2024 (Source: Radiation protection of workers: occupational exposure to ionising radiation in France, results for 2024 – ASNR, June 2025) KEY FIGURES • Total population monitored: 248,814 workers • Monitored population for whom the annual effective dose remained below the detection threshold: 181,884 workers, i.e. 73.1% • Monitored population for whom the annual effective dose remained between the detection threshold and 1 mSv: 38,450 workers, i.e. about 15.5% • Monitored population for whom the annual effective dose remained between 1 mSv and 20 mSv: 28,480 workers, i.e. about 11.4% of the total employees monitored • Monitored population for whom the annual effective dose exceeded 20 mSv: 11 workers(*) • Monitored population for whom the equivalent dose to the extremities exceeded 500 mSv: 0 worker • Monitored population for whom the equivalent dose to the skin exceeded 500 mSv: 2 workers(**) • Monitored population for whom the equivalent dose to the lens of the eye exceeded 20 mSv: 0 worker • Collective dose (sum of the individual effective annual doses): 87.36 man.Sv • Average annual individual effective dose for the total population monitored: 0.35 mSv Assessment of internal exposure monitoring in 2024 (excluding “geogenic” radon exposure) • Number of routine examinations carried out: 161,894 (of which 7% considered positive) • Number of workers with a positive result (routine monitoring): 2,362 • Number of special monitoring examinations: 12,650 (of which 22% are above the detection limit) • Population having recorded a committed effective dose(***) exceeding 1 mSv: 33 workers Results of monitoring of internal exposure to “geogenic” radon in 2024 • Population having recorded a committed effective dose exceeding 1 mSv: 47 workers • Population having recorded a committed effective dose exceeding 6 mSv: 31 workers • Average committed effective dose: 8.6 mSv * One of these cases was detected in December 2024 with a cumulative dose of 25.9 mSv over the 12 months from December 2023 to November 2024, and not over the calendar year; eight of these cases were included by default as the occupational physician gave no feedback on the conclusions of the investigation. ** One case has not been confirmed by occupational physician. *** The committed effective dose is defined as the sum of the equivalent or effective doses received over a period of 50 years following the intake of radioactivity by an adult or up to the age of 70 for a child. It is expressed in sieverts (Sv). HIGHLIGHT No. 4 Monitoring workers exposed to ionising radiation: the 2024 review In September 2025, ASNR published the 2024 review of the monitoring of occupational exposure to ionising radiation. This review was based on Individual Dosimetric Monitoring (SDI) data for workers registered in the Ionising Radiation Exposure Monitoring Information System (SISERI(1)), for external exposure and, for the first time, also for internal exposure, thanks to more complete administrative and dosimetric information in the new SISERI. Due to a change in calculation methodology, the average effective or equivalent doses for 2024 and those for previous years are not directly comparable. Similarly, as the transmission of data on workers under radiological surveillance only in SISERI has been discontinued, it is not appropriate to compare the workforce in 2024 with that of previous years. Overall, this review shows that exposure has remained stable. The collective effective dose(2) of all workers subject to individual dosimetric monitoring is 87.36 man.Sv in 2024, with a clear predominance of external exposure, which accounts for 99% of this value. Of the workers monitored, less than 1% received an effective dose in excess of 6 mSv, the regulatory threshold defining the classification of a worker in category A or justifying the introduction of individual dosimetric monitoring in the context of exposure to radon from the ground. Eleven workers were exposed to an annual effective dose in excess of the regulatory limit of 20 mSv set by the Labour Code. Of these cases of exceedance, eight involved workers exposed to radon from the ground in underground environments(3), marking the first time that an exceedance of the Occupational Exposure Limit Value (OELV) for effective dose has been recorded in this sector. 1. Available on siseri.irsn.fr, and soon on siseri.asnr.fr. 2. The collective effective dose of a group of people is the sum of the individual effective doses received by these people. For example, if 1,000 people each receive a dose of 1 millisievert (mSv), the collective effective dose is 1,000 man.mSv; or 1 man.Sv. 3. See next page. ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025 157 01 02 03 05 09 06 10 07 11 13 04 08 12 A / Z
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