LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT into place. ASNR will continue to support adequate preparedness by the public authorities for emergency situations involving a transport operation, in particular by promoting the performance of local emergency exercises and issuing recommendations on the steps to be taken in the event of an accident. ASNR recommendations in the event of a transport accident The response by the public authorities in the event of a transport accident comprises three phases: ∙The emergency services reach the site and initiate “reflex” measures to limit the consequences of the accident and protect the population. The radioactive nature of the substances involved is discovered during this phase. ∙The entity coordinating the emergency response confirms that the substances are indeed radioactive, alerts ASNR and gives more specific instructions to the responders, pending activation of the national Emergency Response Centres. ∙Once the ASNR Emergency Response Centre is operational, a more detailed analysis of the situation is performed in order to advise the person in charge of the emergency operations. During the first two phases, the emergency services must manage the situation without the support of the national experts. ASNR provides the emergency services with a document providing guidelines. It contains general information about radioactivity, general recommendations for the emergency services so that their response can take account of the specific nature of radioactive substance transports, plus sheets organised per type of substance, providing more detailed information and advice for the emergency response coordinator during phase 2. This document will be updated in 2026. 2.6 Regulations governing the transport operations within the perimeter of nuclear facilities Dangerous goods transport operations can take place on the private roads of nuclear sites, in what are referred to as "on-site transport operations". Such operations are not subject to the regulations governing the transport of dangerous goods, which only apply on public roads. However, these operations present the same risks and detrimental effects as dangerous goods transports on the public highway. The safety of these operations must thus be overseen with the same rigour as for any other risk or detrimental effect present within the perimeter of BNIs. This is why the on-site transport of dangerous goods is subject to the requirements of the Order of 7 February 2012 setting out the general rules applicable to BNIs. This Order requires that on-site transport operations be incorporated into the baseline safety requirements for BNIs. The Environment Code, supplemented by ASN resolution 2017-DC0616 of 30 November 2017 amended, defines the on-site transport operations for which authorisation must be requested from ASNR. In addition, ASN published Guide No. 34 providing the licensees with recommendations for implementing the regulatory requirements concerning on-site transport operations. 3 – Roles and responsibilities in regulating the transport of radioactive substances 3.1 Regulation of nuclear safety and radiation protection In France, ASNR (which, since 1 January 2025, has combined the responsibilities of ASN and most of those of IRSN) has been responsible for regulating the nuclear safety and the radiation protection of transports of radioactive substances for civil uses since 1997, while the Defence Nuclear Safety Authority (ASND) fulfils this role for transports relating to national defence. Within its field of competence, ASNR is responsible, in terms of safety and radiation protection, for the regulation and oversight of all steps in the life of a package: design, manufacture, maintenance, shipment, actual carriage, receipt and so on. 3.2 Protection against malicious acts The prevention of malicious acts consists in preventing sabotage, losses, disappearance, theft and misappropriation of nuclear materials (as defined in Article R*. 1411‑11‑19 of the Defence Code) that could be used to manufacture weapons. The Defence and Security High Official (HFDS), under the Minister responsible for energy, represents the Regulatory Authority responsible for preventing malicious acts targeting nuclear materials. In the field of transport security, the Transport Operations Section (EOT) of the Directorate for Nuclear Defence and Security Expertise (DEND) is responsible for managing and processing applications Mode of transport Regulation of mode of transport Package regulation By sea Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs, Fisheries and Aquaculture (DGAMPA) of the Ministry of the Environment. In particular, the DGAMPA is responsible for regulating compliance with the prescriptions applicable to ships and contained in the International Code for the Safe Carriage of irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level radioactive wastes on board ships (“Irradiated Nuclear Fuel” Code). The DGAMPA has competence for regulation of dangerous goods packages in general and is in close collaboration with ASNR for radioactive substances packages. By road, rail and inland waterways General Directorate for Energy and Climate (DGEC) of the Ministry for the Environment. The General Directorate for the Prevention of Risks (DGPR) is responsible for regulation of packages of dangerous goods in general and, in close collaboration with ASNR, of packages of radioactive substances. By air General Directorate for Civil Aviation (DGAC) of the Ministry for the Environment. The DGAC has competence for regulation of dangerous goods packages in general and is in close collaboration with ASNR for radioactive substances packages. TABLE 3 Administrations responsible for regulating the mode of transport and the packages 270 ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NjQ0NzU=