LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT are extended to activities performed outside the scope of the BNIs and which contribute to the technical and organisational provisions mentioned in the second and third paragraphs of Article L. 593-33 of the Environment Code, by the licensee, its suppliers, contractors or sub-contractors, under the same conditions as within the facilities themselves. Administrative fines will be imposed by the Administrative Enforcement Committee in order to comply with the principle of separation between the investigation, charging and sentencing functions instituted in French law and in international conventions on the right to a fair trial. Chapter 3 of this report describes all of ASNR’s oversight actions and their outcomes, including enforcement. Regulating, authorising ASNR contributes to drafting regulations, by submitting its opinion to the Government on draft Decrees and Ministerial Orders, and by issuing technical regulations. It ensures that the regulations are clear, accessible and proportionate to the safety issues. ASNR examines all individual license applications for nuclear facilities. It grants authorisations, with the exception of major authorisations such as the creation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities. ASNR also issues the individual authorisations required under the Public Health Code for activities involving ionising radiation sources for medical and other purposes, and authorisations or approvals for the transport of radioactive substances. Expert assessment ASNR assesses the safety of civil nuclear facilities at each step in their lifecycle, from design to decommissioning. ASNR also evaluates the hazards for human health and the environment linked to the use of ionising radiation. It takes an active part in permanent radiation protection monitoring, notably through radiological monitoring of the environment, managing and analysing dosimetric data concerning workers exposed to ionising radiation and analysing patients’ dosimetry data. Conducting research ASNR defines multi-disciplinary research programmes, conducted internally or in partnership with other French or foreign research organisations. The research carried out by ASNR is in two main areas: maintaining and developing the knowledge and skills needed for expert assessment in the various fields of nuclear safety and radiation protection and progressing fundamental knowledge, notably to understand the effects of ionising radiation on health and the environment. Emergency situations ASNR helps manage radiological emergency situations. It provides technical assistance to the competent Authorities for the drafting of emergency response plans, taking account of the risks arising from nuclear activities. It is based internally on research work in the field of transfers, which focuses on characterising and modelling the distribution and transfer processes of radionuclides between and within the atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic compartments and towards the biological environment. This addresses a number of issues, such as atmospheric dispersion in the event of a radiological accident, or post-accident management. When such an emergency situation occurs, ASNR verifies the steps taken by the licensee to make the facility safe. It assists the Government with all matters within its field of competence and submits its recommendations on the medical or health measures or civil protection steps to be taken. It informs the general public of the situation, of any releases into the environment and their 1. https://academy.asnr.fr/ consequences. It deploys its resources on site to measure radioactivity in humans and the environment, and is part of the measurement system set up by the public authorities. It acts as the Competent Authority within the framework of international conventions, by notifying international organisations and foreign countries of the accident. Chapter 4 of this report describes ASNR's actions in this field. In the event of an incident or accident involving a nuclear activity, and in application of the provisions of Articles L. 592-35 and R. 592-23 et seq. of the Environment Code relative to technical inquiries into accidents or incidents involving a nuclear activity, ASNR may conduct a technical inquiry. This is carried out by ASNR staff. It may rely on members of inspection and control bodies or technical investigators of French or foreign nationality. Information and dialogue ASNR informs the public about the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France and helps to ensure transparency in this area (see point 1.4.4). It reports on its activities to Parliament. ASNR involves civil society and stakeholders in its work and decisions, as well as in its research projects. It supports the actions of the Local Information Committees (CLIs) set up around the nuclear installations. Training ASNR offers a wide range of nuclear safety and radiation protection training courses for professionals using ionising radiation in their activities. It thus contributes to maintaining high standards of expertise in nuclear safety and radiation protection and helps improve prevention and protection against the dangers of ionising radiation (see the website of the ASNR Academy(1)). Developing a culture of radiation protection ASNR's role is to contribute to the development of a culture of radiation protection among the general public. The aim is to provide the knowledge needed to adopt appropriate behaviour in different situations of exposure to ionising radiation, whether daily, professional, medical or accidental. 1.4.2 – Organisation ASNR Commission The ASNR Commission comprises five full-time Commissioners. Their mandate is for a period of six years and is not renewable. The Commissioners perform their duties in complete impartiality and receive no instructions from either the Government or any other person or institution. The duties of a member of the Commission may be terminated in the event of a serious breach of his or her obligations established by the other members. The Commission defines the strategic guidelines. More specifically, it is involved in developing overall policy, i.e. the doctrines and principles that underpin ASNR’s main missions of regulation, inspection, expertise, research, information, communication, dialogue with society, management of emergency situations and international relations. Pursuant to the Environment Code, the Commission submits ASNR’s opinions to the Government and issues the main ASNR regulations and resolutions. It decides on the public position to be adopted on the main issues within ASNR’s sphere of competence. It adopts the ASNR internal rules of procedure which set out its organisation and working rules, as well as its ethical guidelines. The Commission’s decisions and opinions are published in ASNR’s Official Bulletin. In 2025, the ASNR Commission met 48 times. It issued 19 opinions and 29 decisions. ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025 125 01 02 05 09 06 10 03 07 11 13 04 08 12 A / Z
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