LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT ASNR analysis of the notification ASNR analyses the initial notification to check the implementation of immediate corrective measures, to decide whether to conduct an on-site inspection to analyse the event in depth, and to prepare for informing the public if necessary. Within two months of the notification, it is followed by a report indicating the conclusions the licensee has drawn from analysis of the events and the steps it intends to take to improve safety or radiation protection and prevent the event from happening again. ASNR ensures that the licensee has analysed the event appropriately, has taken appropriate steps to remedy the situation and prevent it from recurring, and has circulated the OEF. The ASNR review focuses on compliance with the applicable rules for detecting and notifying significant events, the immediate technical, organisational or human measures taken by the licensee to maintain or bring the installation to a safe condition, and the pertinence of the submitted analysis. ASNR also carries out a more wide-ranging examination of the OEF from the events. The significant event reports and the periodic reviews sent by the licensees, as well as the assessment by ASNR, constitute the basis of OEF. The examination of the OEF may lead to ASNR requests for improvements to the condition of the facilities and the organisation adopted by the licensee, but also to changes to the regulations. OEF comprises the events which occur in France and abroad in nuclear facilities or in those presenting non-radiological hazards, if it is pertinent to take them into account in order to reinforce nuclear safety or radiation protection. 3.3.3 – Technical inquiries held in the event of an incident or accident concerning a nuclear activity ASNR has the authority to carry out an immediate technical inquiry in the event of an incident or accident in a nuclear activity. This inquiry consists in collecting and analysing all useful information, without prejudice to any judicial inquiry, in order to determine the circumstances and the identified or possible causes of the event, and draw up the appropriate recommendations if necessary. Articles L. 592‑35 et seq. of the Environment Code give ASNR powers to set up a board of inquiry, determine its composition (ASNR staff and people from outside ASNR), define the subject and scope of the investigations and gain access to all necessary elements in the event of a judicial inquiry. Decree 2007-1572 of 6 November 2007‑1572 on technical inquiries into accidents or incidents concerning a nuclear activity specifies the procedure to be followed. It is based on practices defined by the other boards of inquiry and takes account of aspects specific to ASNR, notably its independence, its own roles, its ability to impose binding requirements or sanctions. 3.3.4 – Statistical summary of events In 2025, 2,356 significant events were reported to ASNR (see Table 6): ∙1,246 significant events concerning nuclear safety, radiation protection, the environment and the on-site transport of hazardous materials within BNIs, of which 1,162 are rated on the INES scale (81 level 1 events and 2 level 2 events). Of these events, 12 were classified as “generic events”, meaning that they concerned several reactors; ∙97 significant events concerning RST on the public highway (4 events rated level 1 on the INES scale); 2. This scale provides a means of communicating with the public, in clear and accessible terms, about radiation protection incidents that lead to unexpected or unforeseeable effects affecting patients as part of a medical radiotherapy procedure. ∙1,013 significant events for small-scale nuclear activities, 234 of which are rated on the INES scale (29 level 1 events and 1 level 3 event on the INES scale). Graphs 1 to 6 describe in detail the significant events reported to ASNR in 2025, differentiating between them according to the various notification criteria for each field of activity. The increase in the number of events reported in the medical field is analysed in chapter 5. The details of the statistical analysis of these events by field are given in chapters 5 and following. In 2025, one event was rated as level 3 on the INES scale and two as level 2. The level 3 significant event concerned the accidental irradiation of a worker at the Centre for Research and Restoration of French Museums at the Louvre (C2RMF). This event is the subject of chapter 6, Highlight No. 9. The level 2 events concern the external contamination of two workers at the Gravelines and Cattenom NPPs. These events are described in detail in chapter 8. As indicated above, this data must be used with caution: it does not in itself constitute a safety indicator. ASNR encourages the licensees to report incidents, which contributes to transparency and the sharing of experience. The breakdown of significant events rated on the INES scale is specified in Table 6. As the INES scale does not apply to significant events concerning patients, the rating of significant events affecting one or more patients in radiotherapy on the ASN‑SFRO(2) scale is specified in chapter 5. Similarly, significant events concerning the environment but involving non-radiological substances are not covered by the INES scale. They are classified as “out of INES scale” events. Details and summary sheets explaining these event classification scales are available on the asnr.fr website. 3.4 Raising the awareness of professionals and cooperating with the other administrations Regulation is supplemented by awareness-raising programmes designed to ensure familiarity with the regulations and their application in practical terms appropriate to the various professions. ASNR aims to encourage and support initiatives by the professional organisations that implement this approach by issuing best practices and professional information guides. ASNR publishes “Avoiding accidents” data sheets on its website for BNIs and transport, as well as “Operating Experience Feedback (OEF)” sheets (one published in 2025), “Treatment safety” sheets (new, two published in 2025) and “Patient safety” bulletins in the medical field, with the aim of sharing its feedback analyses (see chapter 5). Awareness-raising also involves joint actions with other administrations and organisations which oversee the same facilities, but with different prerogatives. One could here mention the labour inspectorate, the medical devices inspectorate work by the ANSM, the medical activities inspectorate work entrusted to the technical services of the Ministry of Health, or the oversight of small-scale nuclear activities at the Ministry of Defence entrusted to the Armed Forces General Inspectorate. 154 ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NjQ0NzU=