LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT 15% General public 72% Patients 63% 25% 3% 9% 4% Environment 9% Professionals In red: average of the number of ESRs notified during the 10 preceding years. GRAPH 15 Breakdown (in %) of ESRs by exposure category in 2025 5% Interventional practices 1% Brachytherapy In red: average of the number of ESRs notified during the 10 preceding years. 2% 4% 22% 29% 12% External-beam radiotherapy 34% Nuclear medicine (diagnostic and therapeutic) 35% Computed tomography 30% 13% Conventional and dental radiology 13% GRAPH 16 Breakdown (in %) of ESRs by activity category concerned in 2025 In 2025, ASNR sent healthcare professionals a nuclear medicine “Experience feedback” sheet entitled “Treatment with 177 LU-PSMA: Benefits of systematically detecting extravasation after injection” and prepared a factsheet in the field of conventional radiology following the notification of an ESR involving a paediatric cohort. This work was carried out as part of the “Imaging OEF” Working Group. In addition, ASNR published two “Experience feedback” sheets on the safety of radiotherapy treatments: the first addresses patient misidentification and the second the prevention of laterality errors. These two factsheets were published at the beginning of 2025 as part of the “Radiotherapie OEF” Working Group. 3 – Summary and outlook Based on inspections carried out in 2025 and on an analysis covering a period sufficient to assess all facilities presenting significant radiation protection risks, ASNR considers that radiation protection in the medical field remains at a satisfactory level broadly comparable to previous years and is even improving in certain respects, particularly in Fluoroscopy-Guided Interventional Practices (FGIPs). This assessment must nevertheless be qualified owing, on the one hand, to recurring weaknesses observed across all sectors (radiotherapy, brachytherapy, nuclear medicine, FGIPs and conventional radiology) and, on the other hand, to the occurrence in certain facilities of Significant Radiation Protection Events (ESRs) revealing shortcomings in radiation protection culture. These include events that persisted in 2025 (laterality or target errors in radiotherapy, incorrect calibration of dose calibrators in nuclear medicine, etc.) as well as previously unreported events involving cohorts of patients, including paediatric 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 2024 2025 2023 2022 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2010 256 225 94 61 31 12 10 259 125 72 30 244 110 102 50 26 20 15 15 196 135 112 68 26 18 209 125 121 120 70 27 8 62 25 10 103 151 144 147 165 132 80 30 9 66 28 9 170 171 145 192 145 93 27 15 124 73 28 10 132 165 109 87 23 11 186 226 111 67 25 6 191 219 96 85 26 10 201 237 95 32 11 112 253 324 317 304 113 108 49 7 78 10 17 29 31 Radiotherapy Nuclear medicine Computed tomography Conventional and dental radiology Fluoroscopy-guided interventional practices Brachytherapy GRAPH 14 Number of ESRs by activity category during the period 2010-2025 226 ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025
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