LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT Environment Code, its opinion on the Creation Authorisation Application dossier on 25 November 2025; it presented this opinion to the representatives of the Parliamentary Office for the Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Choices on 4 December 2025. This opinion (see “Notable events” in the introduction to this report), which will be attached to the dossier submitted to the public inquiry, sets out the main conclusions of the technical review of the dossier, particularly with a view to informing the public during the public inquiry. The estimated duration of the entire authorisation process is about five years. In addition to the technical review phase which ended in 2025, it includes a consultation phase (with regional authorities, Environmental Authority, etc.), which started at the end of 2025, as well as the public inquiry, planned for 2026. The cost of the project On 12 May 2025, Andra submitted a report to the Minister for Energy updating the assessment of the costing for Cigéo. This costing report, which is one of the main inputs for setting the cost of Cigéo, is public. This assessment is used as a reference for establishing the longterm management costs for HL and IL-LL waste, and needed to be updated to take into account the progress of the project and the submission of the creation authorisation application dossier in January 2023. In accordance with the procedure laid down in Article L. 542-12 of the Environment Code, the Minister for Energy will set the new cost of Cigéo in 2026 by means of a new Ministerial Order. The last Ministerial Order, signed in January 2016, set the cost of Cigéo at €25 billion, “under the economic conditions prevailing on 31 December 2011, the year in which the cost assessment work began”. 2 – Nuclear safety in waste management support facilities, role of ASNR and waste management strategies of the major nuclear licensees 2.1 Radioactive waste management methods and their oversight by ASNR 2.1.1 – The graded approach With regard to radioactive waste management, ASNR’s oversight aims on the one hand to verify correct application of the waste management regulations on the production sites (for example with respect to zoning, packaging or the controls performed by the licensee), and on the other hand to verify the safety of the facilities dedicated to radioactive waste management (waste treatment, packaging, storage and disposal facilities). This oversight is exercised in a manner proportionate to the nuclear safety issues associated with each waste management step and each facility. Thus, the waste management BNIs are classified in one of three categories, numbered from 1 to 3 in descending order of significance of the risks and adverse effects they present. This categorisation is taken into account in the preparation of the inspection schedule and helps to determine the level of expertise required for the examination of certain files submitted to ASNR by the licensees. The various facilities and ASNR’s assessment of their level of safety are presented in the introduction to this report. HIGHLIGHT No. 2 Three years of dialogue with civil society on the creation authorisation application for Cigéo As part of the development of its policy of dialogue with civil society, from 2023 to 2025 ASNR implemented a continuum of public participation around the Cigéo Creation Authorisation Application (DAC) dossier, via consultation on the draft referrals, technical dialogue during the expert assessment, and review of the DAC followed by consultation on its draft opinion. Concertation focused on the draft referrals from IRSN and the Advisory Committee of Experts for Waste (GPD). It enabled the participants’ expectations and concerns to be identified, so that they could be taken into account from the start of the technical review, and allowed the selection and ranking of the technical subjects to be examined in particular by the members of the GPD to be confirmed. An unprecedented technical dialogue has been organised by Anccli, the Bure Local Information and Monitoring Committee (CLIS) and ASNR, to involve civil society in the technical expert assessment of the DAC dossier. The system is structured around a core group of around forty participants (CLIs, associations and non-institutional experts), supplemented by occasional thematic workshops. The discussions were organised into three “seasons”, corresponding to the main stages of the review, with season 3 in 2025 dealing with safety after closure of the repository. A major innovation was the joint construction of a scenario in which the site is abandoned during the operating phase, enabling the robustness of the repository to be tested beyond the assumptions initially made. It led to a recommendation from ASNR and a commitment from Andra to study this scenario. In all, some 400 comments and questions were put forward by civil society players. Discussions during season 3 focused mainly on uncertainties, evolution scenarios of the repository, the effects of climate change, the health and environmental impacts of Cigéo, and the transmission of the site’s memory. Following consultation and technical dialogue, ASNR’s draft opinion was submitted for stakeholder consultation. During this consultation, the stakeholders expressed concerns about the acquisition of the safety case with respect to certain risks, the inventory likely to be authorised, the monitoring of the commitments made by Andra, future opportunities for expression during the different development and authorisation phases of the project, and the conditions under which the public inquiry will be conducted. ASNR has taken these contributions into account in its opinion. ASNR intends to continue its dialogue with stakeholders during the major stages of the Cigéo project. Technical dialogue meeting on the creation authorisation application for Cigéo on 23 June 2023 in Paris. 368 ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025
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