LES ACTIVITÉS NUCLÉAIRES : RAYONNEMENTS IONISANTS ET RISQUES POUR LA SANTÉ ET L’ENVIRONNEMENT 2.1.2 – Radioactive waste management support facilities Treatment Treatment is a fundamental step in the radioactive waste management process. This operation serves to separate the waste into different categories to facilitate its subsequent management and to significantly reduce the volume of waste. The La Hague plants, which process and recycle the spent fuel assemblies, are involved in this process because they apply a dissolution and chemical treatment process to separate the cladding and the fission products. The hulls and end-pieces are then compacted to reduce their disposal footprint. Centraco (BNI 160), the low-level waste treatment and packaging centre operated by Cyclife France, significantly reduces the volume of the low and very low-level waste that is sent to it. This plant has a unit dedicated to the incineration of combustible waste (solid and liquid) and a melting unit in which metal waste is melted down. The radioactive effluents can also be concentrated by evaporation, like the operations carried out in Agate, the advanced effluent management and processing facility (BNI 171), with this same aim of volume reduction. Packaging Radioactive waste packaging consists in placing the waste in a package which provides a first containment barrier preventing radioactive substances from being dispersed in the environment. The techniques used depend on the physical-chemical characteristics of the waste and their typology, which explains the large variety of packages used (overpacks, drums, containers, etc.). The packaging process can include the addition of a matrix (encapsulating or blocking) using processes such as vitrification or cementation. These packages are subject to approval by Andra if they are intended for existing disposal facilities, and to packaging agreements by ASNR if they are intended to be directed towards disposal facilities still under study. In some cases the packaging operations are carried out directly on the site of waste production, but they can also take place in dedicated facilities, like the La Hague plants, which package spent fuel hulls and end-pieces in “standard compacted waste containers” (CSD-C packages), and the fission products in stainless steel “standard vitrified waste containers” (CSD-V packages), and the effluent treatment stations such as the Stella station in BNI 35. The conditioned waste packages are sometimes made up in the facilities where they are to be stored, such as for the ILW-LL type C1PGSP packages in the Iceda facility (BNI 173), or directly in a disposal repository, such as the Cires and CSA which carry out these operations for some of the arriving packages. The main support facilities for radioactive waste management BNI 66 Manche repository (CSM) DISPOSAL SACLAY SAINT-LAURENT-DES-EAUX MORVILLIERS BUGEY TRICASTIN MARCOULE MALVÉSI VALDUC LA HAGUE SOULAINES-DHUYS CADARACHE ● Pending commissioning * ICPE status ▲ DBNI status BNI 35 Liquid Effluent Management Zone (ZGEL) TREATMENT/PROCESSING AND PACKAGING La Hague site TREATMENT, PACKAGING AND STORAGE BNI 74 Irradiated graphite sleeves storage STORAGE BNI 173 ● Activated waste packaging and storage facility (Iceda) CONDITIONING AND STORAGE BNI 138 Tricastin facility, formerly Socatri SORTING BNI 175 Contained storage of conversion residues (Écrin) STORAGE Tritiated waste storage building ▲ STORAGE BNI 149 Aube repository (CSA) CONDITIONING AND DISPOSAL Industrial grouping, storage and disposal centre (Cires) * CONDITIONING, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL BNI 164 Radioactive waste packaging and storage facility (Cedra) STORAGE BNI 37-A Solid Waste Treatment Station (STD) TREATMENT/PROCESSING AND PACKAGING Rotonde * CONDITIONING AND STORAGE BNI 171 Advanced effluent management and treatment facility (Agate) PROCESSING STEMA ▲ TREATMENT/PROCESSING AND PACKAGING BNI 160 Low-level waste processing and packaging centre (Centraco) TREATMENT/PROCESSING AND PACKAGING BNI 177 ● Irradiating or alpha waste from decommissioning facility (Diadem STORAGE CDS ▲ TREATMENT/PROCESSING AND PACKAGING ASNR Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2025 369 13 12 11 10 09 08 01 05 02 06 03 07 04 A / Z
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